Diet

  • Consuming excessive saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol raises LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and triglyceride levels, increasing cardiovascular risk.

Overweight and Obesity

  • Excess body weight, especially abdominal obesity, leads to higher triglycerides and lower HDL-C (“good” cholesterol).

Physical Inactivity

  • Lack of regular exercise contributes to lower HDL-C and higher triglycerides, worsening lipid profiles.

Smoking

  • Cigarette smoking reduces HDL-C and damages blood vessels, accelerating atherosclerosis.

Genetics

  • Some individuals have a genetic predisposition to hyperlipidemia, such as familial hypercholesterolemia, which can cause high LDL levels even with a healthy lifestyle.

In summary: Dyslipidemia results from a combination of unhealthy lifestyle choices and genetic susceptibility. Lifestyle modification—healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, and smoking cessation—plays a central role in prevention and management.